Journal Title : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Language : Indonesia and English e-ISSN : 2828-4984 p-ISSN : 2828-4992 Frequency : 6 issues per year (February, April, June, August, October and December) DOI : doi.org/10.55123/insologi Editor-in-chief : Angelia Putriana Email : jurnal.insologi@gmail.com Publisher : Yayasan Literasi Sains Indonesia Citation Analysis : Google Scholar Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi yang disingkat INSOLOGI merupakan Jurnal yang diterbitkan 6 (enam) kali dalam setahun, yaitu pada bulan Februari, April, Juni, Agustus, Oktober dan Desember oleh Yayasan Literasi Sains Indonesia. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi merupakan jurnal yang dapat diakses secara terbuka bagi para Peneliti, Dosen dan Mahasiswa yang ingin mempublikasikan hasil penelitiannya pada bidang ilmu sains dan teknologi. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi juga merupakan wadah informasi berupa hasil penelitian, studi kepustakaan, gagasan, aplikasi teori dan kajian analisis kritis dibidang perkembangan sains dan teknologi yang meliputi bidang ilmu pengetahuan alam (biologi, kimia, dan fisika), matematika dan statistik, perikanan/kelautan, kesehatan dan farmasetika, pertanian (agribisnis dan agroteknologi), keteknikan (teknik sipil, mesin, arsitektur, lingkungan, dan pertambangan), pengembangan/desain miniatur/rancang bangun dan bidang ilmu lainnya yang relevan dengan penelitian sains dan teknologi.
Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis. Penulis mengakui bahwa INSOLOGI (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) sebagai publisher yang mempublikasikan pertama kali dengan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Penulis dapat memasukan tulisan secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-ekskulif dari naskah yang telah terbit di jurnal ini kedalam versi yang lain, seperti: dikirim ke respository institusi penulis, publikasi kedalam buku, dan lain-lain. Dengan mengakui bahwa naskah telah terbit pertama kali pada INSOLOGI (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi).
Pemanfaatan Canny Edge Detection untuk Pembacaan OMR Survey 7 Kebiasaan Anak Indonesia Hebat
The 7 Kebiasaan Anak Indonesia Hebat program is one of the priority program of the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education of the Republic of Indonesia. It aims to develop students with strong academic ability, good behavior, and strong character. The program is implemented in all primary and secondary schools, and thus large amounts of data must be summarized for monthly reports. Urban schools often use Google Forms or digital applications to record students’ activities, while schools in smaller towns or rural areas still rely on paper forms. Limited access to smartphones and internet connections among parents makes online data collection difficult. Consequently, teachers must manually summarize data using spreadsheet applications, increasing their workload—especially when managing many students. This study proposes the use of Canny Edge Detection to automate data processing from OMR (Optical Mark Recognition) sheets. By scanning or photographing filled OMR sheets, the system can accurately read and convert students’ responses into digital data. This method allows teachers to digitize the reporting process and reduce manual work. Using this method, the accuracy of reading the OMR sheets can reach 81% while the need of informing the parents to fill the form correctly since some tested data shown recall data reached 68%.
Copyright (c) 2026 Friendly Friendly, Harizahayu Harizahayu, Purwa Hasan Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimalisasi Line Balancing pada Proses Produksi PCB Line KMM-X704KN PT. XYZ
This study aims to analyze and balance the production line in the assembly process using two Line Balancing methods, namely Helgeson–Birnie (H-B) and the Largest Candidate Rule (LCR), with a cycle time (CT) set at 2.28 minutes (137 seconds) based on the manual bottleneck workstation. The total element work time was recorded at 19.39 minutes, with a minimum required number of 9 workstations. The calculation results from both methods showed consistent and identical solutions, yielding 10 actual workstations (N_actual = 10). The line performance achieved a Line Efficiency (LE) of 85.04% with a Balance Delay (BD) of 14.96%. Although this efficiency is considered good, idle time analysis revealed a total waste of 3.41 minutes, most of which occurred at Workstation 10, which operated for only 0.20 minutes. These findings indicate that improvements should focus on restructuring the final workstation to eliminate waste, increase LE, and streamline total element time to approach the Takt Time, thereby optimizing overall line performance. This study provides practical recommendations for production management to enhance productivity and the efficiency of the assembly line.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmat Hidayat, Tri Ngudi Wiyatno, Dwi Indra Prasetya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
An Integrative SWAT-Based and Epistemological Framework for Sustainable Management of the Alo-Molamahu SubWatershed, Gorontalo, Indonesia
Sustainable watershed management requires decision-making frameworks that are both scientifically robust and socially legitimate. This study develops an integrative management model for the Alo-Molamahu Sub-Watershed, part of the Limboto Watershed in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia, by combining hydrological modeling, spatial analysis, and social–institutional assessment within an epistemological framework. A mixed-methods design was employed, integrating biophysical data derived from Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) with qualitative data obtained from interviews, questionnaires, and policy document analysis. Model calibration and validation using observed discharge data from River Flow Monitoring Stations demonstrate strong agreement between simulated and observed hydrological responses. The results indicate that land-use change on steep slopes and limited vegetation cover significantly increase runoff and sediment yield, while socio-economic pressures and weak policy instruments constrain effective conservation practices. Through systematic data triangulation, biophysical model outputs were interpreted alongside stakeholder perceptions and regulatory conditions to generate an evidence-based and adaptive watershed governance model. The study demonstrates that integrating validated hydrological simulations with social knowledge enhances both the scientific credibility and policy relevance of watershed management strategies. The proposed framework provides a replicable approach for sustainable management of complex socio-ecological watersheds in Indonesia and comparable contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bontor L. Tobing, Mahludin A. Baruwadi, Hasim Hasim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Narrative Review: Lean Management dalam Pengelolaan Perbekalan Farmasi
Effective administration of pharmaceutical supplies is absolutely essential for maintaining the quality of care provided by healthcare facilities. Deficiencies in healthcare service quality are often rooted in management practices that are both ineffective and suboptimal within the supply chain. To address these inefficiencies, Lean Management presents a viable framework for adoption within the healthcare environment. This paper summarizes existing literature through a narrative review specifically focusing on how lean principles are applied to the management of pharmacy stock. The methodology involved a systematic search using Boolean logic across major databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. From a starting pool of 96 articles, nine were ultimately selected based on the defined inclusion criteria. The compiled research findings consistently and unanimously suggest that incorporating lean methodologies offers substantial advantages. These advantages are realized primarily through the ability to minimize operational waste (such as excess inventory, unnecessary movement, or excessive waiting times) and simultaneously boost the overall efficiency of the pharmacy supply chain. Implementing Lean Management is therefore an effective strategy for optimizing logistics and improving service quality in pharmaceutical provision.
Copyright (c) 2026 Abdul Hadi, Diesty Anita Nugraheni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Penyediaan Infrastruktur Pengelolaan Air Limbah Domestik di Kawasan Wisata Danau Toba
Lake Toba is one of the main tourist destinations in Indonesia. Still, it now faces serious problems, including declining air quality due to pollution, particularly from household wastewater and floating net cage (KJA) fisheries. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, supported by quantitative data. The results show that the initiation of the Parapat-Ajibata off-site wastewater management project began in 1994/1995 and was realized with the construction of a DWWTP in 1997 in Sijambur Village, Ajibata District, Toba Regency, with a capacity of 2,010 m3 per day and a piping network to serve the Parapat-Ajibata City area. Unfortunately, this utilization accounts for only 10% of the installed capacity, which is attributed to low community involvement, inadequate supervision and infrastructure, and institutional issues. As a follow-up to minimize domestic wastewater in the Parapat Tourism City, the Free Beach Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant with a capacity of 518 m3 per day has been built in 2021 and the Ajibata Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant with a capacity of 10 m3 per day in 2024 which is integrated with the Ajibata DWWTP, which is a necessity to address on-site service issues so as to prevent environmental impacts, improve public health and sustainable social and economic growth in the Lake Toba tourism area.
Copyright (c) 2026 Benny Kusdinar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Peningkatan Produksi Bioetanol dari Rebung Bambu Ampel (Bambusa vulgaris) Menggunakan Sakarifikasi dan Fermentasi Simultan Terekayasa
Bamboo shoots are lignocellulosic with low lignin and high protein content. This study compared bioethanol production from bamboo shoots (Bambusa vulgaris) using conventional and engineered simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) methods. The hydrolysis process was carried out using mold (Trichoderma reesei), followed by fermentation with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The results of proximate analysis showed that bamboo shoots contained 25.51 ± 0.46% crude protein and 18.89 ± 0.37% fiber. In addition, the levels of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were measured at 28.40 ± 0.49%, 31.28 ± 0.23%, and 3.77 ± 0.40%, respectively. The results showed that the conventional SSF technique produced ethanol at 3.42 ± 0.02 g/L, with a Yp/s of 0.37 ± 0.01 g/g. After the application of aeration engineering through the engineered SSF method, the ethanol concentration increased to 4.50 ± 0.01 g L⁻¹, with a Yp/s value of 0.50 ± 0.02 g/g. The ethanol formation rate and Yp/s values ​​in the engineered SSF method were also higher, namely 0.06 ± 0.00 g/L/h and 0.50 ± 0.02 g/g compared to the conventional SSF of 0.05 ± 0.00 g/L/h and 0.37 ± 0.02 g/g. The increase in ethanol yield from the engineered SSF method was 1.35 ± 0.05 times compared to the conventional SSF method.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hendri Ropingi, Khaswar Syamsu, Irvan Setiadi Kartawiria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strategi Perencanaan Sumber Daya Manusia pada Marketplace 'Swipewash' untuk Optimasi Layanan Laundry" atau "Analisis Kebutuhan Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Pengembangan Ekosistem Digital Swipewash
The e-commerce industry in Indonesia is experiencing rapid growth, supported by a large population, a growing middle class, and increasing internet penetration. In a busy urban society, these services are becoming an essential need. Digital platforms can provide solutions with easy access, transparency, and efficiency for consumers. SwipeWash offers an e-commerce platform for laundry, bag spa, and shoe spa services equipped with superior features. Based on a combination of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strategies to take advantage of the company's opportunities and strengths include utilizing e-commerce technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) to improve operational efficiency while expanding the market. To overcome weaknesses while taking advantage of existing opportunities, SwipeWash plans to apply for additional funding to improve technology and utilize data analytics. In an effort to realize SwipeWash's vision as a leading, innovative and trusted e-commerce laundry platform, human resource management is one of the key elements. The goals and objectives formulated are aimed at ensuring operational sustainability, supporting company growth, and creating a productive and competitive work environment. Through structured planning, SwipeWash is committed to presenting a solid, competent team that is in line with market needs, both in the short, medium and long term.
Copyright (c) 2026 Athira Shafa Berliana, Dimas Angga Negoro, Unggul Kustiawan, Ferryal Abadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Efektivitas dan Mekanisme Biokimia Batang Pisang sebagai Media Biofilter pada Pengolahan Efluen Septic Tank: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis
Septic tank effluent treatment remains a challenge in decentralized sanitation systems, due to technological and cost constraints. Biomass-based natural biofilter media, such as banana stem, have increasingly been investigated as low-cost, environmentally friendly, and easily applicable alternatives. This study aims to systematically review the use of banana stem as a natural biofilter for septic tank wastewater treatment, focusing on study characteristics, treatment performance, process mechanisms, and factors determining efficiency and performance variability. The study was carried out using the literature review method approach following the PRISMA protocol, covering peer-reviewed articles published between 2021-2025. The results show that banana stem media can achieve removal efficiencies of 60-85% for Total Suspended Solids (TSS), 45-80% for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and 50-77% for Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), with optimal performance at a Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 12-24 hours. The porous structure and lignocellulosic content promote rapid microbial biofilm formation, although performance variability is influenced by organic loading fluctuations and media degradation. Overall, banana stem has strong potential as an effective, economical, and sustainable natural biofilter for decentralized sanitation systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Darwis Baso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimasi Kinerja Karyawan Sektor Konstruksi melalui Humble Leadership: Peran Mediasi OCB dan Employee Engagement
This study aims to examine the influence of Leader Humility on Job Satisfaction, Employee Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), and Employee Performance in construction companies located in Tangerang. The research approach used is quantitative with the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. Data were collected through online questionnaires using Google Forms, which were distributed to 250 respondents working in various construction companies in Tangerang. Data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS 4.0 software to test the relationship between variables and the validity of the model. The results show that Leader Humility has a significant positive influence on Job Satisfaction, Employee Engagement, and OCB, which in turn contribute to improving Employee Performance. However, the research findings also show that Job Satisfaction does not have a direct influence on Employee Performance, although it plays a role in shaping extra work behavior through OCB and Employee Engagement. These findings provide important insights for managers and organizational leaders, that the implementation of Humble Leadership can be an effective strategy to improve overall employee performance, through increased engagement, satisfaction, and proactive behavior within the organization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nelci Selan, Unggul Kustiawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Characteristics of the Viqueque Formation in the Caraubalo Area, Viqueque District, Timor-Leste
This research was conducted in the Cuha River, within the Buanurak area of Caraubalo Village, Viqueque District, Timor-Leste. The study area is geographically located between 08⁰49’29”S - 08⁰52'28”S and 126⁰23'8”E - 126⁰20'8”E. The objective was to characterize the facies of the Viqueque Formation through field data. The methodology involved measuring a stratigraphic cross-section, with subsequent analysis based on the parameters of the Bouma (1962), Walker (1979), and Mutti concepts. Analysis identified four main lithological units. Facies A1-A3 consist of gray marl, deposited by low-density turbidity currents in a lower fan setting (Td-Te Bouma intervals; F9a Fine Grain Facies). Facies B1-B2 feature interbedded sandstone and marl with parallel lamination, representing deposition in suprafan lobes (CT-2 sequence; F7 Fine Grain Facies). Facies C is characterized by normally graded conglomerates, interpreted as mid-fan channel deposits. Finally, Facies D comprises polymict conglomerates, deposited by high-density turbidity currents in an upper fan setting, corresponding to the CGL-7 facies (F9b) and the Ta Bouma interval.
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Faustino, P. Setyo, Astuti B. S. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Hubungan Ketahanan Pangan dengan Asupan Protein di Kecamatan Selo Boyolali
Based on the Global Food Security Index (GFSI), Indonesia has a score of 60.2 and ranks 63rd out of 113 countries included in the food security program. Household-level food security is a key factor in addressing nutritional problems, particularly among populations that are highly vulnerable to nutritional disorders. This study aimed to examine the relationship between food security and protein intake in Selo District, Boyolali. This study employed an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 108 samples were selected using simple random sampling. Primary data were collected using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) questionnaire and a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) through interviewer-administered interviews. Secondary data were obtained from Selo Boyolali Public Health Center records. Data analysis was conducted using correlation analysis. The results showed a significant negative correlation between food security level and protein intake in Selo District, including Tlogolele, Jrakah, and Klakah villages (r = −0.268; p = 0.005). In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between protein intake and nutritional status in the same area (r = 0.191; p = 0.048). In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between food security and protein intake in Selo District, and protein intake also plays an important role in influencing nutritional status.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bagus Rizky Nur Hidayat, Luluk Ria Rakhma, Listyani Hidayati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Seat Frame Front Cushion Menggunakan Metode Quality Control Circle (QCC) pada PT TBA
PT TBA as a manufacturing company in the automotive industry faces quality problems in the form of defects in the wrong assembly arm in the Inner Left Normal process of Seat Frame Front Cushion products in the EFC Line Adjuster. Based on data for the March-May 2025 period, the average defect reaches 1.3 pcs per month and has the most dominant cost impact compared to other types of defects, with a potential material loss of up to IDR 6,236,708 per year. This study aims to identify the root cause of the problem and reduce the number of defects to zero defects through the application of the Quality Control Circle (QCC) method with an eight-step approach based on the PDCA cycle. The results of the analysis showed that the main cause came from the incompatibility of the arm rack design which allowed the mixing of right and left components, uncontrolled part picking methods, and the lack of optimal error prevention system (poka-yoke) on the machine. Improvement actions are carried out through modification of the rack design following the shape of the arm, the installation of a lever and gravity-based mechanical cover system, and the integration of sensors and poka-yoke systems in the process area. After all stages of QCC were implemented, defects were successfully reduced to 0 pcs per month consistently from August to October 2025 or a decrease of 100%. The impact of the improvement not only improves the quality aspect, but also eliminates the potential cost loss to Rp 0, without affecting the aspects of safety, delivery, and employee morale. These results prove that QCC is effective as a sustainable quality control approach in the automotive industry.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Rizki Budiansyah, Agus Suwarno, Annisa Syahliantina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Integrasi Teknologi Pertanian dalam Peningkatan Produktivitas Pangan dan Implikasinya terhadap Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
This study aims to analyze the role of agricultural technology in improving food crop productivity and its impact on national food security and public health in Indonesia. A literature review approach was employed by examining relevant national and international scientific publications related to agricultural mechanization, precision agriculture, superior crop varieties, and modern irrigation systems. The findings indicate that the application of agricultural technology significantly improves farming efficiency, reduces post-harvest losses, and increases both the quantity and quality of food crop production. Increased productivity plays an important role in strengthening national food security through enhanced food availability, stability, and accessibility. Moreover, improved access to sufficient and nutritious food contributes to better nutritional status and overall public health outcomes. Despite these positive impacts, the adoption of agricultural technology in Indonesia still encounters several challenges, including limited access for smallholder farmers, unequal regional implementation, inadequate human resource capacity, and insufficient policy and financial support. These constraints may hinder the optimal utilization of technology and limit its broader benefits for food security and public health. Therefore, integrated policies and strong cross-sector collaboration between agriculture, health, and development sectors are essential to ensure that increased food productivity effectively translates into improved community welfare and sustainable development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iwan Patria, Melda Emilya, Liza Liza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Integrasi Filsafat Ilmu dan Etika dalam Pengembangan Model Analisis Sentimen Berbasis IndoBERT pada Wacana #IndonesiaEmas2045
The philosophy of science positions scientific knowledge as the result of a systematic and logical thought process grounded in clear ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations. In the context of computer science, the philosophical approach serves as an essential framework to ensure that the development of artificial intelligence-based models is not merely technical in nature but also founded on rational reasoning and ethical responsibility. This study integrates the paradigm of the philosophy of science with the development of an IndoBERT-based sentiment analysis model for social media comments under the hashtag #IndonesiaEmas2045. Through ontology, this research establishes digital social interactions as a legitimate object of scientific inquiry; through epistemology, it applies computational logic and machine learning–based scientific methods to interpret public opinion; and through axiology, it utilizes the analytical results to understand societal perceptions and support data-driven public policy. The model testing results demonstrate high performance with an accuracy of 96.5%, validating the coherence between a philosophical scientific approach and an empirical computational methodology. Therefore, this study not only contributes to the advancement of Indonesian-language sentiment analysis technology but also strengthens the scientific dimension of computer science within the framework of the philosophy of science.
Copyright (c) 2026 Romindo Romindo, Mahyuddin K. M. Nasution https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementasi Auto Ticketing pada Sistem Pelaporan Gangguan Provider Secara Otomatis di Perusahaan Penyedia Jasa Layanan Internet (ISP)
The growing number of internet service providers (ISPs) in Indonesia has made the business sector increasingly challenging, and all ISPs are competing to innovate and provide the best service to their customers in order to retain existing customers and attract new ones. One innovation that ISPs can implement is to provide services that are oriented towards customer satisfaction and pamper their customers. One way to do this is by providing an auto-ticketing service when there is a disruption to the customer's internet connection. This eliminates the need for customers to manually contact the ISP's service complaint team to report the disruption, as this can be done automatically. Evaluation results show that the auto-ticketing system can speed up the disruption process carried out by ISP officers by 40% and improve the effectiveness and efficiency of ISP operations. Thus, this system offers an innovative solution for ISPs in improving service quality and customer satisfaction, thereby achieving the goal of retaining existing customers and attracting new ones.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ruci Antassani, Setiyono Setiyono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Identifikasi Tingkat Kerentanan Bencana Kota Sukabumi
The city of Sukabumi is an urban area that has a high level of vulnerability to various disasters, especially hydrometeorological disasters such as floods and landslides, which are influenced by high rainfall, topography, and land use. This study analyzes the level of disaster vulnerability in the city of Sukabumi through the integration of social, economic, physical, and environmental aspects using a quantitative SIG-based spatial approach. This region has a high risk of hydrometeorological disasters due to intense rainfall, hilly topography, and changes in land use. Official data from BPS and BIG were processed through normalization, weighting, and mapping to produce a composite index per subdistrict. The results of the study show that 86% of subdistricts are in the moderate vulnerability category, namely Gunung Puyuh (0.41), Cikole (0.49), Citamiang (0.36), Warudoyong (0.503), Baros (0.356), and Cibeureum (0.449). Only 14% of subdistricts are in the low category, namely Lembursitu (0.321). The subdistrict with the highest vulnerability level is Warudoyong (0.503), while the lowest is Lembursitu (0.321). These findings emphasize the need for integrated mitigation strategies, especially in areas with moderate vulnerability indices that dominate the entire city.
Copyright (c) 2026 Adinata Wirasena, Jauharah Nur Khalishah, Qori Nabilla, Shabina Nurul Zakiyyah, Muzani Jalaluddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Electrical System Design for High Rise Building Based on Reliability Index
The research discusses the evaluation of electrical systems in multi-storey buildings, including analysis of compliance with PUIL 2011 standards and integration of Faraday Cage-based lightning protection systems. This study focuses on the Pasar Baru Bandung Building, with the aim of assessing the efficiency and safety of the electrical system used. The research method is carried out through the stages of field observation, data collection, and data processing. Observations were made to identify electrical equipment and assess the feasibility of its use. Data collection includes load capacity and single line diagrams, which are then processed to determine the value of Strong Current Conductivity (KHA) and Drop Voltage. The results of data processing were compared with existing data and analysed based on applicable standards. The results show that the power distribution system in Pasar Baru Bandung Building has been designed with high efficiency, with organised power distribution through main panels and sub-panels. The electrical protection evaluation shows that the grounding and earthing system has met the safety standards to prevent electrical faults. In addition, lightning protection analysis with the Rolling Sphere method ensures that the building's protection against lightning strikes is at an optimal level. The benefit of this study is the comprehensive examination of the electrical system, considering power distribution, protection, and energy efficiency. Despite challenges like inaccuracies in voltage drop measurement due to factors like environmental conditions and equipment age, the research still has a significant impact on improving the safety and efficiency of electrical systems in tall buildings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Juhan Andi Praseto Aji, Bambang Suprianto, Unit Three Kartini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Sabun Cair dari Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume)
Porang tuber (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) is a potential natural resource that can be developed as an active ingredient in cosmetic preparations, particularly liquid soap. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate liquid soap containing porang tuber extract and to determine its physical quality characteristics. The tubers were extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol. Prior to extraction, simplicia characterization was performed, including determination of moisture content, water-soluble extractive, ethanol-soluble extractive, total ash, and acid-insoluble ash. Phytochemical screening was carried out to identify secondary metabolites. The extract was formulated into liquid soap preparations with concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 8%. The evaluation included organoleptic tests, pH measurement, foam height test, irritation test, and hedonic test. The results of simplicia characterization showed that all parameters met the requirements of the Herbal Pharmacopeia. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and triterpenoids. The formulated liquid soaps showed acceptable physical characteristics, pH values within the Indonesian National Standard range (8–11), adequate foam formation, and no skin irritation. Hedonic testing demonstrated that all formulations were acceptable to panelists. It can be concluded that porang tuber extract has potential as a natural active ingredient in liquid soap formulations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Novia Agustini Irmasyari Siregar, Roy Indrianto Bangar, Erida Novriani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Uji Aktivitas Antijamur Nanopartikel Zink Oksida (ZnO) Ekstrak Kulit Jengkol terhadap Candida Albicans
Natural materials are increasingly being used as sources of bioactive chemicals due to increased concerns about safety, sustainability, and environmental effect. Jengkol peel is one such natural material with potential because it contains various secondary metabolites compounds that have biological activity. On the other hand, Candida albicans fungal infections remain a health problem, while conventional antifungal options are limited and have the potential to cause side effects. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are known to have broad antimicrobial activity, and their synthesis can be carried out in an environmentally friendly manner through a green synthesis approach using natural materials. This study aims to test the antifungal activity of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using jengkol peel extract against Candida albicans. The study was conducted experimentally. Antifungal activity was tested using the well diffusion method with various concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles. The results showed the formation of an inhibition zone around the well, indicating the antifungal activity of ZnO nanoparticles. The increase in ZnO nanoparticle concentration is directly proportional to the increase in inhibition zone diameter, with the highest inhibition of 14 mm categorized as moderate activity. This study proves that jengkol-based ZnO nanoparticles have the potential to be developed as an environmentally friendly alternative antifungal agent.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ica Dwi Patricia, Vera Estefania Kaban, Astriani Natalia Br Ginting https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Faktor Risiko Kejadian Osteoarthritis pada Masyarakat di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lampulo Kota Banda Aceh Tahun 2025
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage damage and often causes disability, especially in the elderly. It is a public health problem due to its reduced quality of life. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with osteoarthritis in the community within the Lampulo Community Health Center (Puskesmas) in Banda Aceh City in 2025. The study used a descriptive analytical design with a case-control approach. The population comprised the entire community within the Lampulo Community Health Center's working area, using a total population approach, involving 48 case respondents and 48 control respondents. The study was conducted from April 24 to May 21, 2025. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square test in SPSS. Univariate results showed that the majority of respondents were employed (61.5%), had moderate physical activity (44.8%), were obese (54.2%), and had no comorbidities (52.1%). Bivariate analysis showed no significant association between gender, occupation, obesity, and physical activity with osteoarthritis incidence. However, there was a significant association between comorbidities and the incidence of osteoarthritis (P value = 0.000; OR = 25.000). The study's conclusions indicate that comorbidities are a major risk factor for osteoarthritis. Patients are advised to pay attention to risk factors, while community health centers are encouraged to increase education and health promotion related to osteoarthritis prevention.
Copyright (c) 2026 Cut Muthia Febrina Rizky -, Tahara Dilla Santi, Wardiati Wardiati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Penggunaan ChatGPT sebagai Sumber Informasi terhadap Literasi Kebugaran
The rapid development of artificial intelligence, particularly ChatGPT, has created new opportunities for delivering health and fitness information. However, empirical evidence regarding its use as a fitness information source and its relationship with fitness literacy remains limited. This study aimed to analyze the associations between the frequency of ChatGPT use, information-seeking purposes, perceived usefulness of ChatGPT, and fitness literacy. The study employed a cross-sectional design with a sample of 55 respondents, consisting of members who engaged in fitness activities using a personal trainer at a location in South Tangerang. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlation tests. The results demonstrated significant positive relationships between the frequency of ChatGPT use and fitness literacy (p < 0.001), information-seeking purposes and fitness literacy (p < 0.001), and perceived usefulness of ChatGPT and fitness literacy (p < 0.001), with perceived usefulness showing the strongest association. These findings indicate that more frequent use of ChatGPT, more practical information-seeking purposes, and higher perceived usefulness are associated with higher levels of fitness literacy. In conclusion, ChatGPT has the potential to serve as an effective supportive information source for enhancing fitness literacy among physically active adults.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indah Permata Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Deteksi Hewan Secara Real-Time Menggunakan Algoritma You Only Look Once (YOLO)
Forest areas in Indonesia are very vital and are the lungs of the world. The government and forest police need assistance in tackling forest fires and animal rescue, especially system assistance that can be used in real-time so that rescue and first aid can be carried out immediately. This is what moves the research team to conduct research in making a prototype of a real-time animal detection system. The goal to be achieved is to help forest police, SAR teams and teams from local governments to detect animals in forest areas in real-time. This research is quantitative research using experimental methods. The subject of our research is the image images that we get in real time from the webcam, especially animal images. Data was collected using the help of a webcam installed in the forest area. Image and video processing is done using the You Look Only Once (YOLO) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithms. This study obtained 82% accuracy, 86.11% precision and 82% recall. The camera angle shooting from the front gets 100% accuracy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fersellia Fersellia, Anisa Lutfiyani, Fahmi Fachri, Endang Wahyuningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Valuasi Ekonomi Lingkungan Southlake Mutiara Gading City, Kabupaten Bekasi
South Lake Mutiara Gading City (MGC) is an artificial lake area utilized as a tourism destination as well as a supporting facility for a residential area in Bekasi Regency. This area provides environmental and economic benefits, although no entrance fee has been applied to visitors to date. This study aims to estimate the environmental economic value of South Lake MGC and to identify factors influencing visitor frequency. The study employed the Individual Travel Cost Method (ITCM) combined with multiple linear regression analysis based on data collected from 37 visitors. The analyzed variables included travel cost, age, education level, income, length of visit, group size, cleanliness quality of the tourism area, and toilet facilities. The estimated consumer surplus was Rp 21.018 per visit. Based on an average annual visitation of 7.800 visitor, the total environmental economic value of South Lake MGC is estimated at Rp 163.939.113 per year. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for tourism area managers in formulating management policies, particularly in determining appropriate entrance fees and improving facility quality to support sustainable tourism development. This levy is a payment mechanism for environmental services (PES) that can encourage environmental benefits to be considered in real terms in terms of economic value. This study calculates the economic valuation of an artificial lake within a modern residential area, whose ecological function is often considered merely aesthetic. The lack of environmental economic valuation research at this location served as the basis for this research.
Copyright (c) 2026 Citra Nur Izati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengaruh Pelatihan Tenaga Kesehatan terhadap Akurasi Rekam Medis Elektronik di Klinik Liza Medika Kota Jambi
The implementation of electronic medical records (EMR) is an important part of the digital transformation of healthcare services, but in practice there are still problems related to the accuracy of data entry by healthcare workers. Inaccurate and incomplete EMR records have the potential to reduce service quality, patient safety, and clinic accountability. This study aims to analyze the influence of knowledge, skills, ethical understanding, and training frequency on the accuracy of electronic medical record completion at the Liza Medika Clinic in Jambi. This study uses a quantitative approach with an analytical design, involving healthcare workers as respondents. Data collection was conducted through a structured questionnaire, while data analysis used linear regression tests to assess the partial and simultaneous effects between variables. The results showed that knowledge, skills, ethical understanding, and training frequency had a significant effect on the accuracy of EMR completion, both partially and simultaneously. These findings indicate that the accuracy of EMR recording is influenced by the comprehensive competence of health workers. Therefore, this study recommends strengthening competence through continuous training, improving technical skills, and professional ethics coaching as strategies for improving the quality of electronic medical record documentation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Liza Ninda, Endang Komara, Rinawati Rinawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Geotechnical Study of Soil Landslides on the 22.7 km Road Section in Quelicai Sub-District, Baucau Regency and Ossu Sub-District, Viqueque Regency, Timor-Leste
The Quelicai–Ossu road section in Timor-Leste, spanning 22.7 km, frequently experiences landslides that disrupt transport connectivity between Baucau and Viqueque districts. These slope failures are exacerbated by steep topography, intense rainfall, and lithological conditions dominated by cohesive clay soils prone to saturation. To address this issue, this study aims to identify and analyse the factors causing landslide vulnerability on the 22.7 km Quelicai–Ossu road section in Timor-Leste. The methods used included field surveys, laboratory testing, and analysis using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method combined with GIS. The factors analysed included rainfall, slope gradient, lithology, elevation, drainage, soil type, land use, and road distance. The results of the study show that the study area is divided into three classes of landslide susceptibility: high (19%), moderate (67%), and low (14%). The main factors contributing to landslide susceptibility are rainfall (21%) and drainage (19%). In conclusion, areas with high vulnerability require mitigation measures such as geotechnical engineering to increase slope safety factors to above 1.5. This study provides technical recommendations to reduce landslide risk in the study area.
Copyright (c) 2026 Engracia Alves Mendes, Amara Nugrahini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perilaku Pencegahan Demam Berdarah Dengue di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Meuraxa Kota Banda Aceh
DHF is a health problem in tropical climates. This disease can disrupt the function of capillary blood vessels and the blood clotting system, thus increasing the risk of bleeding in sufferers. This study design was a case-control study with 31 cases and 31 controls, totaling 62 respondents. The sampling technique was total sampling, with data collected through questionnaires over 27 days. The results of the univariate analysis showed that most respondents sometimes empty landfills (43.5%), do not cover them properly (58.1%), and do not recycle used items (91.9%). In addition, 79% hang clothes indoors, 69.4% use mosquito repellent, and 79% consider the role of mosquito larvae control teams to be inadequate. Bivariate analysis showed that the behavior of draining (p = 0.001; OR = 13.3) and covering water reservoirs (p = 0.033; OR = 2.6) were significantly associated with the incidence of dengue fever, while recycling used goods (p = 0.162; OR = 0.225), hanging clothes (p = 0.755; OR = 1.215), the use of mosquito repellent (p = 0.409; OR = 1.581), and the role of jumantik (p = 0.119; OR = 2.761) did not show a statistical relationship. Community behavior in implementing 3M Plus plays a role in the incidence of DMF, especially the habit of not draining landfills regularly. Therefore, cross-sectoral cooperation and continuous education are needed between the government, health workers, and the community through mosquito nest eradication activities and routine counseling, so that compliance can be increased and the incidence of DMF can be suppressed.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ainul Fadla, Farrah Fahdhienie, Vera Nazhira Arifin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengolahan Limbah Manure Padat Menjadi Pupuk Organik Menggunakan MOL di PT. P
Livestock waste is a type of waste produced from livestock activities. Problems caused by livestock waste include unpleasant odors that can interfere with breathing. This problem is caused by ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas. This study aims to analyze the results of processing cow manure using MOL to be used as fertilizer in accordance with the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia concerning Minimum Technical Requirements for Organic Fertilizers, Biofertilizers, and Soil Improvers in 2019. Cow manure has the potential to be used as compost. The content of nutrients such as Nitrogen (N), Fosfor (F), and Potassium (K) can increase soil fertility. The composting process can be carried out by adding materials containing microorganisms that decompose MOL. The fermentation process is carried out for 4 weeks. Changes that occur during the fermentation process include an increase in temperature and a dark brown color. Based on the test results, there was a decrease in the content of solid fertilizer. This is due to the fermentation time factor. The longer the fermentation time, the more nutrients are used for microorganism activity. This causes the availability of nutrients to decrease and be depleted. Experiments with better results can be carried out by reducing the length of the fermentation time. Further experiments can be carried out using solid manure waste as an additional nutrient in organic fertilizer made from vegetable juice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Devy Apriliani, Teguh Taruna Utama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Perubahan Tutupan Lahan Permukiman Berbasis Sentinel-2 dan SVM di Kecamatan Tapin Utara
Residential land-cover change is an important indicator of spatial transformation and regional development dynamics. This study analyzes changes in residential land cover in North Tapin District, Tapin Regency, during 2016–2024 using Sentinel-2 Level-2A imagery integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). A supervised classification approach based on the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm with a Radial Basis Function kernel was applied to distinguish residential and non-residential areas. Several spectral indices were incorporated to improve class separability prior to classification. Accuracy assessment using a confusion matrix with 50 validation points indicates high reliability, with Overall Accuracy values of 98% (κ=0.91) in 2016 and 96% (κ=0.83) in 2024. Post-classification comparison reveals an increase of 181.85 ha in residential land over eight years, mainly resulting from the conversion of non-residential areas. Spatially, expansion patterns tend to follow major road corridors and highly accessible zones. These findings demonstrate that the integration of Sentinel-2 imagery and SVM provides an effective framework for multitemporal residential land-cover monitoring and supports evidence-based regional planning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rojaa Firoous Suri, Nasruddin Nasruddin, Nurul Astuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Roll on Aromaterapi Minyak Atsiri Buah Andaliman (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium Dc.)
Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) is an endemic spice from North Sumatra with significant therapeutic potential derived from its essential oils. Terpenoid compounds such as geranyl acetate, limonene, and citronellol in andaliman are recognized for their efficacy in aromatherapy to alleviate nausea and vomiting. This study aims to construct an aromatherapy roll-on formulation using andaliman fruit essential oil and to evaluate its physical characteristics and safety profile. The research employed a laboratory experimental method, utilizing the Stahl steam distillation technique for essential oil isolation. The preparations were formulated into three concentration variations: F0 (0%), F1 (5%), and F2 (10%). Evaluation parameters included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, viscosity, pH value, dermal irritation tests, and hedonic (preference) tests. The results demonstrated that all formulas maintained excellent physical stability and homogeneity. The pH values ranged from 5.52 to 6.06, which is considered safe as it aligns with the physiological pH of human skin (4.5–6.5). Irritation tests confirmed that the formulations did not trigger adverse skin reactions in respondents. According to the hedonic test, panelists showed high preference for aroma, texture, and comfort, although the scent longevity requires further optimization due to the volatile nature of the essential oil. Overall, the andaliman essential oil aromatherapy roll-on meets the physical quality and safety standards for topical preparations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Novelia Zwi Dwinayanti Silaban, Roy Indrianto Bangar, Asyrun Alkhairi Lubis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perbandingan Ektrak Konvensional dengan Green Ektraksi Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus Muelleri) terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan
Porang tuber (Amorphophallus muelleri) contains various bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant activity, while extraction efficiency is strongly influenced by the applied method. This study aimed to compare conventional and environmentally friendly extraction techniques, including maceration, Soxhlet extraction, Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE), and Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE), using 70% ethanol as the solvent. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay and expressed as IC₅₀ values. The results showed that differences in extraction methods significantly affected antioxidant activity. Soxhlet extraction exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with the lowest IC₅₀ value (0.1788 µg/mL), followed by MAE (0.4312 µg/mL), maceration (0.6315 µg/mL), and UAE (0.6574 µg/mL). The superiority of the Soxhlet method is related to continuous solvent reflux and heat-assisted mass transfer, which enhance the release of antioxidant compounds. These findings confirm that porang tuber is a promising natural antioxidant source, with Soxhlet extraction identified as the most effective method under the applied experimental conditions for future development of functional food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pasti Marito Samosir, Roy Indrianto Bangar, Vera Estefania Kaban https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Kajian Potensi Etil Asetat Ekstrak Daun Andaliman : Total Fenol Flavonoid dan Aktivitas Uji Antioksidan
Andaliman leaves (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) are a traditional plant native to North Sumatra with potential as a natural antioxidant source due to their phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the ethyl acetate extract of andaliman leaves based on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with ethyl acetate as the solvent. Total flavonoid content was determined using the AlCl₃ method with quercetin as the standard, while total phenolic content was analyzed using the Folin– Ciocalteu method with gallic acid as the standard. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract of andaliman leaves contained 73.40 mg QE/g extract of total flavonoids (7.3%) and 148.48 mg GAE/g extract of total phenolics. The antioxidant activity test yielded an IC₅₀ value of 4,2485 µg/mL, indicating that the extract exhibits very strong antioxidant activity. The high levels of phenolic and flavonoid compounds are believed to play an important role in the radical scavenging activity observed. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the ethyl acetate extract of andaliman leaves has strong potential to be developed as a natural antioxidant source for applications in the pharmaceutical and health fields.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhtamilatur Rahma, Roy Indrianto Bangar, Muhammad Yunus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Study on Optimal Location Determination for 500 kV Extra High Voltage Substation Construction in Paiton Subsystem to Reduce to Transmission Loss
Electricity transmission losses are a significant challenge in the Java-Madura-Bali (Jamali) power system, especially in the Paiton subsystem, which is a critical point for power supply to the island of Bali. This study aims to identify the optimal location for the construction of a new Extra High Voltage Substation (GITET) to minimize transmission losses and improve the economic efficiency of the system. The method used is quasi-dynamic power flow simulation with electrical network modeling using PSS/E software integrated with Python, carried out in a time series throughout 2025 at four alternative locations: Watudodol, Jember, Genteng, and Banyuwangi. The simulation results reveal that the construction of GITET in Banyuwangi is technically the most optimal, capable of reducing transmission losses from 420.57 GWh to 94.71 GWh or around 77.5%. Economic analysis shows that the Jember location has the best financial parameters with an IRR of 15.01%, NPV of IDR 4.47 trillion, and a payback period of 9.35 years, even though the reduction in transmission losses is lower than in Banyuwangi. In conclusion, the selection of the GITET location must consider the trade-off between technical efficiency and financial benefits; Banyuwangi excels technically, while Jember is economically optimal, so that a combination of development strategies can maximize the performance of the Jamali electricity system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dede Ridza Diana, Tajuddin Nur, Herlina Herlina, Syamsir Abduh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0