Analisis Kualitas Udara dalam Ruang dengan Gangguan Fungsi Paru pada Siswa MAN 1 Aceh Besar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v5i3.8642Keywords:
Air Quality, PM2.5, Smoking Habits, Lung Function, StudentsAbstract
Indoor air pollution in schools often shows high PM2.5 concentrations, primarily due to outdoor air infiltration and dust suspended by student activities. This study aims to analyze the relationship between indoor air quality and lung function impairment among students at MAN 1 Aceh Besar, located in an area with high vehicle density. Using a descriptive-analytical design with a cross-sectional approach, the study involved 78 students selected through proportional random sampling. Results showed that 17.9% of students experienced lung function impairment. PM2.5 concentrations in 65.4% of classrooms were found to exceed the threshold limit value (TLV) of 25 µg/m³, although statistically, it did not show a significant relationship with lung function impairment (p=0.07). However, students in rooms with high PM2.5 levels were 3.8 times more likely to experience impairment compared to those in rooms with PM2.5 levels below the TLV. Physical factors such as temperature (74.4% abnormal) and humidity (50% abnormal) also showed no statistically significant relationship with the students' lung function. Conversely, a significant relationship was found between smoking habits and lung function impairment (p=0.008), where students who smoke are 4.8 times more likely to experience lung function impairment. In conclusion, smoking habits are a risk factor that can increase PM2.5 concentration, damage the respiratory tract, and trigger lung function impairment in students.
Downloads
References
Areal, A. T., Singh, N., Zhao, Q., Berdel, D., Koletzko, S., von Berg, A., Gappa, M., Heinrich, J., Standl, M., & Schikowski, T. (2023). The association of relative humidity and air pollution interaction on lung function in adolescents. Frontiers in Environmental Health, 2(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvh.2023.1250523
Buthelezi, M. S. (2024). ISEE E Short-term , lagged association of airway inflammation , lung function , and asthma symptom score with PM 2 . 5 exposure among schoolchildren within a high air pollution region in South Africa. 0. https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000354
G A Engwa, C Anye, B. N. Nk. C. (2023). Relationship of indoor particulate matter and lung function in children from the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.pdf. South African Journal of Child Health, 17(2), 63–65.
Garcia, E., Rice, M. B., & Gold, D. R. (2022). Air pollution and lung function in children. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 148(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2021.05.006
Holipah, H., Sulistomo, H. W., & Maharani, A. (2020). Tobacco smoking and risk of all-cause mortality in Indonesia. PLoS ONE, 15(12 December), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242558
IQAir. (2024). Kualitas udara dalam ruangan di sekolah adalah masalah serius (Issue 1).
IQAIR. (2024). Kualitas udara di Indonesia. In Https://Www.Iqair.Com/. https://www.iqair.com/id/indonesia
IQAir AS. (2025). Particulate Matter 2.5 (Issue 1).
IQAir Indonesia. (2026). Kualitas Udara di dekat Kabupaten Aceh Besar.
Jeanly Syahputri, Suarga, E. B., Rahman, I., Zahari, T. N., & Ramdani, D. A. (2023). Dampak Polusi Udara dari Transportasi terhadap Kesehatan di Indonesia.
Kemenkes RI. (2024). Bahaya Polusi Udara bagi Kesehatan : Dampak , Penyebab dan Pencegahannya.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2023). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan Lingkungan. In Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Issue 55).
Korukire, N., Godson, A., Mukamurigo, J., Habimana, J. D. D., Josias, I., & Ntakirutimana, T. (2025). Effects of indoor air pollution exposure on lung function of children in selected schools in Kigali , Rwanda. 1–12.
Lee, J., Noh, J. H., Noh, K. C., Kim, Y. W., & Yook, S. J. (2021). Effect of a system air conditioner on local air quality in a four-bed ward. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 21(5). https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.200533
Meo, S. A., Salih, M. A., Alkhalifah, J. M., Alsomali, A. H., & Almushawah, A. A. (2024). Environmental pollutants particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), and Ozone (O3) impact on lung functions. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 36(7), 103280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103280
Nitschke, M., Appleton, S. L., Li, Q., Tucker, G. R., Shah, P., Bi, P., Pisaniello, D. L., & Adams, R. J. (2016). Lung function reductions associated with motor vehicle density in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A cross-sectional study. Respiratory Research, 17(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-016-0451-3
Pavić, I., Topalušić, I., Poljičanin, T., Hofmann Jaeger, O., Žaja, S., & Stipić Marković, A. (2024). Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Its Impact on Pediatric Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, and Body Mass: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study. Children, 11(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/children11101250
Petrou, G., Hamada, A., Ashdown, M., Simpson, C., & Davies, M. (2025). Exploring the impact of air conditioning on the indoor air quality of UK homes. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 3140(9), 092012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3140/9/092012
Sudarmaji, Ardyan, D., Rohmah, F. A., Arfiani, N. D., & Syaiful, D. A. (2026). Correlation Between Physical and Chemical Indoor Air Quality With Respiratory Health. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan, 18(2), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.171-178
Suryadinata, R. V, & Lorensia, A. (2023). Studi Risiko Gangguan Fungsi Paru Terhadap Perokok Di Kalangan Remaja (Study Risk of Lung Function Disorders Smokers in Adolescents). Indonesian Journal of …, 4(1), 1–5. http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/44595/%0Ahttp://repository.ubaya.ac.id/44595/1/Rivan Virlando_STUDI RISIKO GANGGUAN FUNGSI PARU.pdf
Takebayashi, T., Taguri, M., Odajima, H., Hasegawa, S., Asakura, K., Milojevic, A., Takeuchi, A., Konno, S., Morikawa, M., Tsukahara, T., Ueda, K., Mukai, Y., Minami, M., Nishiwaki, Y., Yoshimura, T., Nishimura, M., & Nitta, H. (2022). Exposure to PM2.5 and Lung Function Growth in Pre- and Early-Adolescent Schoolchildren: A Longitudinal Study Involving Repeated Lung Function Measurements in Japan. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 19(5), 763–772. https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.202104-511OC
US EPA. (2025a). Indoor Air Quality and Changing Outdoor Environments | US EPA. https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-air-quality-and-changing-outdoor-environments
US EPA. (2025b). Introduction to Indoor Air Quality | US EPA. https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/introduction-indoor-air-quality#health
US EPA. (2026). Improving Indoor Air Quality Información.
Vildania, N., Sabri, Y. S., & Ermayanti, S. (2025). HUBUNGAN DERAJAT MEROKOK TERHADAP PENURUNAN FUNGSI PARU : SEBUAH KAJIAN LITERATUR Nisrina. Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, 2(2), 676–690.
World Health Organization. (2025a). Health risks of air pollution in Europe : HRAPIE-2 project. WHO European Centre for Environment and Health Platz.
World Health Organization. (2025b). WHO strategic approach on air quality, energy access and health 1. WHO Geneva, Switzerland.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). WHO global air quality guidelines. In WHO European Centre for Environment and Health Platz. WHO European Centre for Environment and Health Platz.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2026). Air quality indexes. WHO European Centre for Environment and Health. https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/indoor-air-quality-and-changing-outdoor-environments
Xing, Y. F., Xu, Y. H., Shi, M. H., & Lian, Y. X. (2016). The impact of PM2.5 on the human respiratory system. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 8(1), E69–E74. https://doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2016.01.19
Xu, D., Chen, Y., Wu, L., He, S., Xu, P., Zhang, Y., Luo, J., Ye, X., Chen, Z., Wang, X., & Lou, X. (2020). Acute effects of ambient PM2.5 on lung function among schoolchildren. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61003-4
Yan, Y. X., Bo, W. E. N., Feng, H. A. N., Chong, W., & Ping, Z. S. (2020). Particulate Matter on Pulmonary Function in Schoolchildren. Biomedical and Enviromental Sciences, 33(9), 647–659. https://doi.org/10.3967/bes2020.086
Zhang, W., Ma, R., Wang, Y., Jiang, N., Zhang, Y., & Li, T. (2022). The relationship between particulate matter and lung function of children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Environmental Pollution, 309(7), 119735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119735
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Tiara Mairani, Agustina Agustina, Naimah Naimah, Wardiati Wardiati, Phossy Vionica Ramadhana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis.
Penulis mengakui bahwa INSOLOGI (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) sebagai publisher yang mempublikasikan pertama kali dengan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Penulis dapat memasukan tulisan secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-ekskulif dari naskah yang telah terbit di jurnal ini kedalam versi yang lain, seperti: dikirim ke respository institusi penulis, publikasi kedalam buku, dan lain-lain. Dengan mengakui bahwa naskah telah terbit pertama kali pada INSOLOGI (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi).
